Scientific Disease Database
Congenital Stationary Night Blindness

Recent update from: 05.03.2006


Disease Gene locus MIM Gene Gene MIM MoI Assignment

Linked Marker Remarks References
Aland Island eye disease AIED, OA2 300600

xl Xp21.1-11.22

cen- DXS14- DXS255- PFC- DXS426- TIMP- OATL1- (AIED)- DXS228- DXS7- MAOA- RC12- DMD
DXS27
DXS159
DXS106
DXS1,
  • Possibly allelic to CSNB2
  • Female carriers are normal on clinical and electrophysiological examination
  • No macromelanosomes
  • Schubert-Bornschein ERG
  • (2)
    (10)
    (14)
    ar CSNB 257270 GRM6 604096 ar 5q35



    (20)
    (7)
    xl with myopia, complete CSNB1 310500 Nyctalopin 300278 xl Xp11.3

    DXS556- DXS8028
    DXS538
    DMD, OTC, MAOA
    DXS426, TIMP

    (1)
    (4)
    (3)
    (11)
    (12)
    xl, type 2, incomplete CSNB2 300071 CACNA1F 300110 xl Xp11.23

    DXS722- DXS255- DXS8023
    (16)
    (4)
    ad, type 3 CSNB3 163500 PDE6B 180072 ad 4p16.3



    (9)
    (17)
    ad, rhodopsin type CSNB 163500 RHO 180380 ad 3q21-24



    (5)
    (13)
    (15)
    (18)
    Oguchi disease CSNB 258100 SAG 181031 ar 2q37



    (8)
    ad, Nougaret type CSNB 163500 GNAT1 139330 ad 3p22



    (6)
    Oguchi disease CSNB 258100 RHOK 180381 ar 13q34



    (19)
    autosomal dominant adCSNB
    GRM6 604096 ad 5q35



    (7)
    (20)

    MoI = Mode of Inheritance: a: autosomal, ad: autosomal dominant, ar: autosomal recessive, xl: x-linked, mt: mitochondrial

    References

    1. Aldred,M.A., Dry,K.L., Sharp,D.M., van Dorp,D.B., Brown,J., Hardwick,L.J., Lester,D.H., Pryde,F.E., Teague,P.W., and Jay,M. Linkage analysis in X-linked congenital stationary night blindness. 1992; Genomics. 14: 99-104.
      Link Goto Top
    2. Alitalo,T., Kruse,T.A., Forsius,H., Eriksson,A.W., and de la Chapelle,A. Localization of the Aland Island eye disease locus to the pericentromeric region of the X chromosome by linkage analysis. 1991; Am.J.Hum.Genet. 48: 31-38.
      Link Goto Top
    3. Bech-Hansen,N.T., Naylor,M.J., Maybaum,T.A., Sparkes,R.L., Koop,B., Birch,D.G., Bergen,A.A., Prinsen,C.F., Polomeno,R.C., Gal,A., Drack,A.V., Musarella,M.A., Jacobson,S.G., Young,R.S., and Weleber,R.G. Mutations in NYX, encoding the leucine-rich proteoglycan nyctalopin, cause X-linked complete congenital stationary night blindness. 2000; Nat.Genet. 26: 319-323.
      Link Goto Top
    4. Bech Hansen,N.T., Naylor,M.J., Maybaum,T.A., Pearce,W.G., Koop,B., Fishman,G.A., Mets,M., Musarella,M.A., and Boycott,K.M. Loss-of-function mutations in a calcium-channel alpha1-subunit gene in Xp11.23 cause incomplete X-linked congenital stationary night blindness. 1998; Nat.Genet. 19: 264-267.
      Link Goto Top
    5. Dryja,T.P., Berson,E.L., Rao,V.R., and Oprian,D.D. Heterozygous missense mutation in the rhodopsin gene as a cause of congenital stationary night blindness. 1993; Nat.Genet. 4: 280-283.
      Link Goto Top
    6. Dryja,T.P., Hahn,L.B., Reboul,T., and Arnaud,B. Missense mutation in the gene encoding the alpha subunit of rod transducin in the Nougaret form of congenital stationary night blindness. 1996; Nat.Genet. 13: 358-360.
      Link Goto Top
    7. Dryja,T.P., McGee,T.L., Berson,E.L., Fishman,G.A., Sandberg,M.A., Alexander,K.R., Derlacki,D.J., and Rajagopalan,A.S. Night blindness and abnormal cone electroretinogram ON responses in patients with mutations in the GRM6 gene encoding mGluR6. 2005; Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A. 102: 4884-4889. Link Goto Top
    8. Fuchs,S., Nakazawa,M., Maw,M., Tamai,M., Oguchi,Y., and Gal,A. A homozygous 1-base pair deletion in the arrestin gene is a frequent cause of Oguchi disease in Japanese. 1995; Nat.Genet. 10: 360-362.
      Link Goto Top
    9. Gal,A., Orth,U., Baehr,W., Schwinger,E., and Rosenberg,T. Heterozygous missense mutation in the rod cGMP phosphodiesterase beta-subunit gene in autosomal dominant stationary night blindness. 1994; Nat.Genet. 7: 551
      Link Goto Top
    10. Glass,I.A., Good,P., Coleman,M.P., Fullwood,P., Giles,M.G., Lindsay,S., Nemeth,A.H., Davies,K.E., Willshaw,H.A., and Fielder,A. Genetic mapping of a cone and rod dysfunction (Aland Island eye disease) to the proximal short arm of the human X chromosome. 1993; J.Med.Genet. 30: 1044-1050. Link Goto Top
    11. Musarella,M.A., Weleber,R.G., Murphey,W.H., Young,R.S., Anson Cartwright,L., Mets,M., Kraft,S.P., Polemeno,R., Litt,M., and Worton,R.G. Assignment of the gene for complete X-linked congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB1) to Xp11.3. 1989; Genomics. 5: 727-737.
      Link Goto Top
    12. Pusch,C.M., Zeitz,C., Brandau,O., Pesch,K., Achatz,H., Feil,S., Scharfe,C., Maurer,J., Jacobi,F.K., Pinckers,A., Andreasson,S., Hardcastle,A., Wissinger,B., Berger,W., and Meindl,A. The complete form of X-linked congenital stationary night blindness is caused by mutations in a gene encoding a leucine-rich repeat protein. 2000; Nat.Genet. 26: 324-327.
      Link Goto Top
    13. Rao,V.R., Cohen,G.B., and Oprian,D.D. Rhodopsin mutation G90D and a molecular mechanism for congenital night blindness. 1994; Nature. 367: 639-642.
      Link Goto Top
    14. Schwartz,M. and Rosenberg,T. Aland eye disease: linkage data. 1991; Genomics. 10: 327-332.
      Link Goto Top
    15. Sieving,P.A., Richards,J.E., Bingham,E.L., and Naarendorp,F. Dominant congenital complete nyctalopia and Gly-90-Asp rhodopsin mutation. 1992; Invest.Ophthalmol.Vis.Sci. 33 (Suppl.): 1397 Goto Top
    16. Strom,T.M., Nyakatura,G., Apfelstedt-Sylla,E., Hellebrand,H., Lorenz,B., Weber,B.H., Wutz,K., Gutwillinger,N., Ruther,K., Drescher,B., Sauer,C., Zrenner,E., Meitinger,T., Rosenthal,A., and Meindl,A. An L-type calcium-channel gene mutated in incomplete X-linked congenital stationary night blindness. 1998; Nat.Genet. 19: 260-263.
      Link Goto Top
    17. Weber,B., Riess,O., Daneshvar,H., Graham,R., and Hayden,M.R. (CA)n-dinucleotide repeat at the PDEB locus in 4p16.3. 1993; Hum.Mol.Genet. 2: 827
      Link Goto Top
    18. Weber,J.L. and May,P.E. Abundant class of human DNA polymorphisms which can be typed using the polymerase chain reaction. 1989; Am.J.Hum.Genet. 44: 388-396.
      Link Goto Top
    19. Yamamoto,S., Sippel,K.C., Berson,E.L., and Dryja,T.P. Defects in the rhodopsin kinase gene in the Oguchi form of stationary night blindness. 1997; Nat.Genet. 15: 175-178.
      Link Goto Top
    20. Zeitz,C., van Genderen,M., Neidhardt,J., Luhmann,U.F., Hoeben,F., Forster,U., Wycisk,K., Matyas,G., Hoyng,C.B., Riemslag,F., Meire,F., Cremers,F.P., and Berger,W. Mutations in GRM6 Cause Autosomal Recessive Congenital Stationary Night Blindness with a Distinctive Scotopic 15-Hz Flicker Electroretinogram. 2005; Invest Ophthalmol.Vis.Sci. 46: 4328-4335. Link Goto Top

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    This site is maintained and edited by
    Dr. rer. medic. Markus Preising, Dipl.Biol.
    Molecular Genetics Laboratory
    Department of Paediatric Ophthalmology, Strabismology and Ophthalmogenetics
    University of Regensburg
    Head: Prof. Dr. med. Birgit Lorenz